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Mayan Ruins in Tulum, Guatemala
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Mayan Ruins in Tulum, Guatemala
March 2008
I started out by taking a Carnival cruise out of the Port of Tampa.
The excursion began around 7am by taking a 45 minute shuttle boat ride
from Cozumel to Tulum. After getting off the shuttle boat,
we hopped on a bus that took us to the ruins in Tulum.
Our
guide, Beto, is
Mayan and gave us a history of the Mayan culture while riding on the
bus to Tulum.
This is his account:
The universe began when a trinity of Gods, Heart of Sky, created water,
followed by land trees, and animals. At this point, Heart of
Sky
created humans to be in charge of the planet to keep harmony with the
cosmos and nature. The animals weren't intelligent enough to complete
this task, so the Creators made humans because they wanted to create a
being who would walk, work and talk articulately and would worship
their Creators while giving their Creators
offerings. Heart
of Sky first created people from clay and mud, but the people were
destroyed by water because they were fragile and empty. The
next
line of humans were made form wood but they didn't worship Heart of Sky
and they were destroyed.
The last and current line of humans were made from corn (maize) because humans,
like corn, will come from the dirt and follow a similar
cycle.
Corn begins with a seed in the dirt, becomes a corn stalk and
eventually food. At this point, the corn stalk dies and goes
back
into the dirt as the cycle continues once again. The cycle of
planting corn is every 260 days, the same as human gestation.
According
to
Beto, "when Katun 20 comes, the people of corn will no longer be
humans". I asked Beto what his personal interpretation of
this
meant to which he replied, "Something bigger will happen to change our
perspective of life."
We're currently on the Mayan's fifth Sun. The First Sun was
destroyed by water, the second by fire, the third by hurricanes and the
fourth by natural catastrophes. On this current sun, we are
called the "People of Corn".
Tulum,
the
City of Dawn, also means "walled place" and was used as a port for
commercial activity. The city is walled on 3 sides with the final side
facing the sea. The foundations that remain were houses for
the
nobility.
On
the 3 sides of Tulum, there are towers that are slightly angled.
The angling of the towers was intentionally to decrease the amount of
erosion from the water and sand.
The main Tulum temple (to the right) is also angled.
I'm
standing
on top of the cliff facing Tulum. Tulum hosts the 2nd largest
coral barrier in the world, which served to protect Tulum from possible
invaders by water.
On
the summer
solstice at 6am, the sun is perfectly aligned with the center of the
Tulum Temple opening, as it is during the winter solstice and spring
and fall equinoxes. The nobility controlled the commons with
this
knowledge and didn't tell them. The commons were threatened
by
the nobility that they would bring war if the commons didn't pay
taxes. They conversely promised good crops if their taxes
were
paid.
This
is the
Temple of Tulum. The steps leading to the top are very narrow
and
steep, forcing one to look down at their feet when climbing to the top,
showing respect to the building and to Kukulkan (the plumed
serpent).
A silver glyph necklace that
spells "Peace".
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